How Kid’s DIY Nuclear Fusion Project Ended Up On FBI’s Radar

As a tween, Jackson Oswalt had an epiphany that sparked his passion for science.

Damjan

• Published in Interesting
• March 20, 2025

Think back to when you were 12. What were you doing after school? Maybe you were memorizing every line of the newest Disney Channel movie, obsessively swapping cards with friends, or losing yourself for hours in a favorite video game.

For most kids that age, life was about play, pop culture, and figuring out weekend plans. But for Jackson Oswalt of Memphis, Tennessee, childhood took an entirely unexpected turn.

While other children were focused on unlocking the next level or perfecting their jump shot on the basketball court, Jackson set his sights on a goal few adults ever attempt: building a working nuclear fusion device.

It wasn’t born from pressure to achieve or an attempt to impress anyone - it came from a sudden realization, or as Jackson describes it, an “epiphany.”

In an interview with Guinness World Records, he recalled thinking, “I could be the best at any video game, but in the grand scheme of things, it wouldn’t change the world. Video games were fun, but they wouldn’t solve real problems. I wanted to do something that mattered.”

This wasn’t casual curiosity; it was full commitment. Jackson wasn’t simply “dabbling” in fusion - he was determined to master the process, one calculation and one prototype at a time.

At just 12 years old, Jackson set a Guinness World Record.

Jackson started where most curious minds do: YouTube. He devoured videos explaining nuclear fusion, researched the materials he’d need, and slowly started putting together his own setup.

If you’re not exactly a science whiz, here’s a quick breakdown of what nuclear fusion actually is. It’s the process of fusing atomic nuclei under extreme pressure and heat, creating new atomic nuclei and releasing a massive amount of energy in the process.

In other words, it’s the same reaction that powers the sun. Not exactly the kind of thing you expect a 12-year-old to be messing with in his garage.

Jackson documented his journey on Twitter, explaining his first step: “The first step was to build a ‘demo fusor,’ or a device that creates plasma but doesn’t achieve fusion. This required a vacuum chamber, vacuum pump, and a neon sign transformer with a homemade AC-DC converter.”

That first version of his project made its debut at his school’s science fair, though he admitted it was a close call: “I only got it working the night before. In hindsight, it’s amazing they let me walk in the door with it.”

One day, he experienced a sudden epiphany.

Over the course of a year, Jackson kept refining his setup, ordering materials, troubleshooting problems, and testing his theories. Then, just one day before his 13th birthday in 2018, he finally succeeded. His nuclear fusion experiment was officially verified by Fusor.net, The Open Source Fusor Research Consortium, making him the youngest person ever to achieve nuclear fusion.

Let that sink in for a second. While most kids his age were worried about middle school drama, Jackson was building a functioning nuclear reactor in his garage.

If setting a world record at 12 wasn’t crazy enough, things took another unexpected turn not long after his success.

One Saturday morning, Jackson was greeted by two unexpected visitors: FBI agents.

Apparently, word had spread about his little science experiment, and federal agents wanted to make sure he hadn’t accidentally turned his house into a radioactive hazard. They swept his home with a Geiger counter, checking for any unsafe radiation levels.

Luckily, everything was under control, and Jackson walked away with a great story to tell. “Fortunately, I remained a free man,” he later joked.

"How A 12-Year-Old Achieved Nuclear Fusion - Guinness World Records "

Seven years later, Jackson’s curiosity hasn’t faded - it’s only grown. Now working at research labs like Midjourney, he applies the same drive that led him to build a fusor at 12 to hardware development and AI research.

What started as a quest for something more exciting than video games evolved into a genuine passion for discovery. Jackson’s story shows how a single spark of curiosity can transform into meaningful work that pushes the boundaries of technology.

Damjan